Logical Reasoning
"Logical Reasoning for College Entrance! Ito ang test ng critical thinking mo, beshy. Patterns, sequences, at logic problems - let's sharpen that brain!"
1. Number Sequences 🔢
Common patterns you need to know:
- Arithmetic: Constant difference (2, 5, 8, 11... +3)
- Geometric: Constant ratio (3, 6, 12, 24... ×2)
- Fibonacci: Sum of two previous (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8...)
- Square: Perfect squares (1, 4, 9, 16, 25...)
- Prime: Prime numbers (2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13...)
Example: 3, 6, 11, 18, ? → Differences: 3, 5, 7, ? (+2 each time) → Answer: 27
2. Syllogisms & Logical Statements 🧠
If-then reasoning:
Example:
All A are B. All B are C. → All A are C. ✓
Practice:
All dogs are animals. Rex is a dog. → Rex is an animal. ✓
Valid Forms:
- If P then Q. P is true. → Q is true (Modus Ponens)
- If P then Q. Q is false. → P is false (Modus Tollens)
3. Letter/Symbol Patterns 🔤
Look for position changes, alternating patterns:
- Alphabet position: A=1, B=2, C=3...
- Skip patterns: A, C, E, G (every other letter)
- Reverse: Z, Y, X, W...
- Mixed: A, Z, B, Y, C, X... (forward + reverse)
4. Coding-Decoding 🔐
Letter shifts and substitutions:
Example: If CAT = DBU, what is DOG?
Pattern: Each letter +1 position
D→E, O→P, G→H = EPH
5. Blood Relations 👨👩👧👦
Family tree problems:
- Draw a family tree as you read
- Use symbols: △ male, ○ female
- Remember: "X's father's son" could be X himself or X's brother
Test Your Knowledge! 🧠
Ready ka na ba? Take the practice quiz for Logical Reasoning to reinforce what you just learned.
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