1. What is Occupational Therapy? 🧑‍⚕️

WFOT Definition

OT is a client-centered health profession concerned with promoting health and well-being through occupation. The primary goal is to enable people to participate in the activities of everyday life.

Types of Occupations

ADLs (Activities of Daily Living): Bathing, dressing, eating, toileting, grooming
IADLs (Instrumental): Shopping, cooking, managing finances, housework
Work: Employment, volunteering
Leisure: Hobbies, recreation, play
Social Participation: Family, community involvement

2. OT Models of Practice 🧠

MOHO (Model of Human Occupation)

Volition: Motivation - values, interests, personal causation
Habituation: Patterns - habits, roles, routines
Performance Capacity: Ability to do - physical, cognitive, emotional
Environment: Physical and social context

PEO (Person-Environment-Occupation)

Three overlapping circles
Occupational Performance = intersection of P, E, and O
Goal: Maximize the overlap (fit)

PEOP (Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance)

Extension of PEO
Intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting performance
Emphasis on enablers and barriers

3. Frames of Reference 📚

Biomechanical FOR

Physical dysfunction focus. ROM, strength, endurance. Used for orthopedic conditions.

Rehabilitative/Compensatory FOR

Adapting activities or environment. Assistive devices, energy conservation.

Sensory Integration FOR

Pediatrics focus. Processing sensory input for adaptive responses. Jean Ayres.

Cognitive/Behavioral FOR

Mental health focus. Changing thought patterns and behaviors.

💡 Board Exam Tips - OT Foundations

✓ MOHO: Volition (Why), Habituation (How often), Performance Capacity (Can)
✓ OT = Occupation-centered, Client-centered, Evidence-based
✓ Know the difference between Models (broad) vs Frames of Reference (specific)

OT Foundations