DepEd MELC reviewer for Grade 8 Mathematics, Quarter 4. Study the rules, worked formulas, and exam hacks below.
1
Theoretical vs Experimental Probability
| Type | Definition |
|---|---|
| Theoretical | favorable ÷ total possible |
| Experimental | times event happened ÷ total trials |
P(rolling a 4 on a die) = 1 ÷ 6
2
Counting Outcomes
Use the Fundamental Counting Principle: multiply the choices for each step.
💡 Exam Hack
3 shirts × 2 pants = 6 outfits. Multiply the number of options at each stage.
3
Simple and Compound Events
For independent events, P(A and B) = P(A) × P(B). Probability is always between 0 and 1.
4
Worked Example
A bag has 3 red and 5 blue balls. P(red)?
P(red) = 3 ÷ 8 = 0.375
Total outcomes = 3 + 5 = 8.
📌 Quick Recap — Master These
Before your test, make sure you can confidently do each of the following:
- Explain and apply Theoretical vs Experimental Probability.
- Explain and apply Counting Outcomes.
- Explain and apply Simple and Compound Events.
- Explain and apply Worked Example.
Re-read any section above where you hesitate, then try the worked example again without looking.